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DIET MANAGEMENT FOR PEOPLE SUFFERING FROM VARIOUS LUNG DISEASES

A GENERAL OVERVIEW

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Patient Support
Asthma
COPD
Lung Cancer
Tuberculosis
Bronchiectasis
Common Cold
Influenza
Pulmonary Fibrosis
Pneumonia

Eating breakfast and lunch on time is very essential for your body to regain energy.

If you wear oxygen, be sure to use it during meals for your body requires lots of oxygen for eating and digestion.

Asthma

Though there is no evidence that there is specific diet for asthmatic people. But use of processed food can increase in asthma symptoms, so eating fresh foods is better for health.

Food items that asthmatic people can add to their diet:
1. Magnesium rich foods
  • Dark chocolate, spinach, pumpkin seeds
  • Inhaling magnesium through a nebuliser
2. Vitamin D
  • Orange juice, salmon
3. Vitamin A
  • Apples, sweet potato, leafy green vegetables such as, lettuce, spinach, kale etc., Carrots

A balanced diet with plenty of fruit, vegetables and fish is recommended to reduce the risk of developing asthma.

Food items to be avoided which can trigger asthma symptoms:

Preservatives are harmful for those who have asthma

  • 1. Sulfites: Preservatives found in wine, dried fruits, bottled food, pickled food
  • 2. Artificial Ingredients: Chemical preservatives, flavourings, colorings agent
  • 3. Common allergens: wheat, nuts, dairy products
Allergies to any of the food items mentioned its better to avoid eating them.

CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISORDER (COPD)

• Overweight: If a person is overweight heart and lungs have to work harder, making breathing more difficult and need more oxygen. To achieve your ideal body weight, exercise regularly and limit your total daily calories.

• Underweight: weakness and tiredness are the problem seen in person who are underweight and making it more likely to get an infection. COPD patient need more energy for breathing requiring up to 10 times the calories than normal people. It is important for you to consume enough calories to produce energy in order to prevent wasting or weakening of the diaphragm and other pulmonary muscles

Food items that people with COPD can add to their diet:.

  • 1. Complex Carbohydrates: Whole wheat bread and pasta, fresh fruits and vegetables
  • 2. 20 to 30 grams of fibre per day: Bread, nuts, seeds, fruits and vegetables
  • 3. Protein: Milk, eggs, meat, fish, dried beans or peas
  • 4. Drink plenty of water as it will keep your mucus thin for easy removal.

Food items to avoid:

  • 1. Simple carbohydrates: Table sugar, candy, cake and soft drinks
  • 2. Trans fats and saturated fats: Butter, hydrogenated vegetable oils, fried foods, cookies

Lung Cancer

Food sources to be added in diet:
  • 1. Protein rich food: Chicken, fish, eggs, beans, nuts, soy food, low fat dairy products or dairy substitutes
  • 2. Whole grains: Oatmeal, brown rice, whole wheat bread
  • 3. Eat a variety of fruits and vegetables every day
  • 3. Eat a variety of fruits and vegetables every day
Food items to avoid:
  • 1. Sweets and added sugar
  • 2. Refined carbohydrates
  • 3. Barbecued meats
  • 4. Arsenic: Found in seafood, poultry

Bronchiectasis

Food sources to be added in diet:
  • 1. Fibre: Fruits, vegetables and whole grains
  • 2. Probiotic food: Fermented, aged cheese, yogurt
  • 3. High quality protein (twice a day): Meat, fish, seeds, nuts, legumes
  • 4. Moderate amount of spices (to warm the body, clear congestion and free up energy): Mint, cinnamon, nutmeg, ginger
Food items to avoid:
  • 1. Processed foods
  • 2. Excessive salt and sugar
  • 3. Saturated fats

Tuberculosis

Food items to include:
1. Carbohydrates and fats:
  • • Whole grain cereals, millets
  • • Vegetable oils, ghee, butter
  • • Nuts and oil seeds, sugar
2. Proteins:
  • • Pulses, nuts and some oilseeds
  • • Pulses, nuts and some oilseeds
  • • Milk and milk products
  • • Meat, fish and poultry
3. Vitamins and minerals:
  • • Green leafy vegetables
  • • Fruits
  • • Eggs, milk and milk products and flesh foods
Food items to avoid consuming:
  • 1. Refined products: Sugar, white breads, white rice
  • 2. Caffeinated drinks
  • 3. High cholesterol, high fat like red meat

Common Cold

Food items to be consumes:
  • 1. Cereals: Barley, corn, millet, wheat, quinoa
  • 2. Fruits: Apple, pomegranate, apricots, papaya, cranberries
  • 3. Vegetables: Cabbage, broccoli, onion, peas, potato, radish, ginger, garlic
  • 4. Pulses: All pulses
  • 5. Dairy products: Cow ghee
Food items to avoid:
  • 1. Cereals: White rice
  • 2. Fruits: Cherries, grapes, mango, melons, orange, peach
  • 3. Vegetables: Eggplant
  • 4. Dairy products: Cottage cheese, milk, yogurt, buttermilk, cheese, ice cream

Influenza

Foods to eat when you have flu:
  • 1. Vitamin C: Strawberries, tomato, citrus fruits
  • 2. Leafy greens: Spinach
  • 3. Spices: Pepper, horseradish
  • 4. Chicken soup or broth (chicken, beef, vegetable)
  • 5. Garlic
  • 6. Yogurt
  • 7. Oatmeal
Food items to avoid:
  • 1. Hard or jagged foods: Chips, crackers
  • 2. Processed foods
  • 3. Caffeinated beverages: Coffee, black tea, soda
  • 4. Alcohol

Pneumonia

Foods for better recovery during pneumonia:
  • 1. Whole grains: brown rice, oats, barley
  • 2. Protein rich foods: nuts, seeds, beans, white meat, cold water fishes like salmon
  • 3. Green leafy vegetables: lettuce, spinach
  • 4. Citrus fruits: orange, berries, kiwi
  • 5. Probiotics: yogurt
  • 6. Honey
  • 7. Turmeric, ginger
Food items to avoid:
  • 1. Excessive salt
  • 2. Fried foods
  • 3. Acidic foods and drinks
  • 4. Cold cuts: bacon, ham, hotdogs
  • 5. Carbonated beverages

Pulmonary Fibrosis

Key food items to include:
  • 1. Fruits and vegetables: berries, cherries, kiwi, broccoli, squash, cabbage, bell peppers
  • 2. Whole grains: brown rice, whole quinoa, pearled barley, air-popped popcorn
  • 3. Dairy products: kefir (also rich in probiotics), skim milk, Greek yogurt, soy milk, veggie cheese
  • 4. Protein: walnuts, chia seeds, almonds
Food items not to eat:
  • 1. Sodium (salt)
  • 2. Added sugars
  • 3. Saturated and trans fats
A dry mouth can be caused by breathing through your mouth, taking inhaled medications and using oxygen.
Managing a dry mouth
  • • Make sure you drink enough fluids – at least six to eight cups a day. Ice cold drinks can be refreshing.
  • • Eat more soft foods
  • • After using inhalers, remember to rinse your mouth out and gargle with water.
  • • Look after your teeth and mouth by brushing your teeth regularly and using dental floss.
  • • Try sugar-free gum or mints, pineapple or orange segments to help you produce more saliva.
  • • Avoid smoking and alcohol can irritate a dry mouth.
  • • If your dry mouth causes soreness or problems with eating, tell your doctor. They can prescribe products that help you produce saliva.
If you’re breathless, you may gulp air when you eat. This causes bloating. Talk to your doctor, as bloating is a symptom of many conditions.
Managing bloating and trapped wind
  • • Eat in a relaxed environment and sit upright.
  • • Don’t rush, and make sure you chew your food well.
  • • Try not to have too many fizzy drinks.
  • • Watch your salt intake.
  • • Cut down on foods that produce more gas such as cabbage, sprouts, broccoli, cauliflower and beans.
  • • Try using peppermint. It can be taken as a tea or a capsule.
If you are short of breath while eating or right after meals, try these tips:
  • • Clear your airways at least one hour before eating.
  • • Eat with small bites and chew your food slowly, breathing deeply while chewing.
  • • Choose foods that are easy to chew.
  • • Try eating five or six small meals a day instead of three large meals. This will keep your stomach from filling up too much so your lungs have more room to expand.
  • • Try drinking liquids at the end of your meal. Drinking before or during the meal might make you feel full or bloated.
  • • Eat while sitting up to ease the pressure on your lungs.
  • • Use pursed-lip breathing.

References

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